PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS

CLASS-09 | CHAPTER-5 | CELL: THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE

PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS

On the basis of the arrangements of genetic materials present in the cells, they are classified as Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells.

1. PROKARYOTIC CELLS

In Eukaryotic cells true nucleus is present. It means that genetic material is bounded by a membrane.
They are larger in size. Their size vary from 5.0µm to100µm.
They are advanced and complete cells.
Eukaryotic cells are present in all living organisms (both unicellular and multicellular organisms) except bacteria and blue green algae.

2. PROKARYOTIC CELLS

In Prokaryotic cells true nucleus is absent. It means that genetic material is not bounded by a proper membrane
They are smaller in size. Their size vary from 0.1µm to 5.0µm.
They are primitive and incomplete cells.
They are present in Unicellular organisms like blue green algae, bacteria are all prokaryotes.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS

PROKARYOTIC CELLS	EUKARYOTIC CELLS
1. They are smaller in size. Their size vary from 0.1µm to 5.0µm.	1. They are larger in size. Their size vary from 5.0µm to100µm.
2. True Nucleus(membrane bounded) nucleus is absent.	2. True Nucleus(membrane bounded) nucleus is present.
3. They are present in Unicellular organisms.	3. They are present in multicellular organisms.
4. Mitochondria is absent.	4. Mitochondria is present.
5. Vacuole is absent.	5. Vacuole is present.
6. Endoplasmic Reticulum are absent.	6. Endoplasmic Reticulum are present.

SHAPE AND SIZE OF CELLS

Most of the cell are spherical in shape while some other may be oval, spindle or totally irregular in shape.
Most of the cells are microscopic in size like RBC’s and some other cells are fairly large like nerve cell.(It is about one meter long)

NOTE- The egg of an Ostrich is the largest Known cell of living organism. An Average egg is about 15cm long and 13 cm wide.

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