NUTRITION IN HUMAN BEINGS
Nutrition in human beings take place trough human digestive system. The digestive system consist of alimentary canal and glands which produce enzymes to break down food into smaller molecules. The main glands and organs of digestive system are as follow.
ORGANS :
1.Mouth
2. Oesophagus (food pipe)
3. Stomach
4. Small Intestine
5. Large Intestine
6. Anus
GLANDS:
1. Salivary Gland
2. Gastric Gland
3. Liver
4. Pancreas
5. Intestinal Gland
IMPORTANT ORGANS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. MOUTH
The human being have a special organ for the ingestion of food called mouth. Here food is slightly digested with the help of teeth and saliva.
2. OESOPHAGUS(FOOD PIPE)
It is a pipe like structure and is responsible to carry slightly digested food from mouth to stomach.
3. STOMACH
It is a J- shaped organ present on the left side of abdomen. In stomach, slightly digested food is further digested to form semi-solid paste.
4. SMALL INTESTINE
The small intestine is the main site of absorption of the digested food. The absorbed food is then mixed into the blood.
5. LARGE INTESTINE
The large intestine is responsible to carry undigested food from small intestine to anus.
6. ANUS
It is the excretory organ present in human body and is responsible to remove undigested food from our body.
IMPORTANT GLANDS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. SALIVART GLAND
It is present in our mouth and secrete enzyme salivary amylase which digest the starch present in the food into Sugar.
2. GASTRIC GLAND
The gastric gland is present in the walls of stomach and secrete Gastric juice. The gastric juice consist of three substances.
(a)HYDROCHLORIC ACID- Hydrochloric acid makes the medium acidic and kills the bacteria.
(b)ENZYME PEPSIN- It help in the digestion of Protein by converting it into amino acid.
(c)MUCUS- Protect the wall of stomach from the action of hydrochloric acid secreted by gastric gland.
3.LIVER
The liver secrete Bile juice. Bile is alkaline in nature and contain salts which help to break the fats present in the food into fatty acids and Glycerol.
4. PANCREAS
This gland is present at the joint of stomach and small intestine. It secrete pancreatic juice which contains three digestive enzymes.
(a)PANCREATIC AMYLASE- It breaks starch into sugar.
(b)TRYPSIN- It helps in the digestion of protein by converting it into amino acid.
(c)LIPASE- It breaks fats into fatty acid and glycerol.
5. INTESTINAL GLANDS
The intestinal gland secretes intestinal juice. This intestinal juice contains number of enzymes which digest.
- Carbohydrates into glucose.
- Proteins into amino acid.
- Fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN COMMENT BOX
- What is the other name of food pipe?
- What substance is mixed with food in the mouth during chewing by the teeth?
- Where is the digested food absorbed in the human body?
- Which part of body secrete bile? Where is bile secrete?
- What are the functions of Hydrochloric acid in our stomach?